雅思阅读：冬季感冒咳嗽怎么办

　　...AND IF YOU DO GET ILL

　　…如果你真的病了

　　Eat chocolate for a cough

　　用巧克力缓解咳嗽

　　Many over-the-counter cough remedies are little more than sticky sugar syrup, which soothes a cough by coating the throat. But dark chocolate may perform the same function, coating the throat in theobromine - an active ingredient found in cocoa which can act as a cough suppressant.

　　许多非处方咳嗽药也只是黏糊糊的糖浆而已，这种糖浆覆盖在喉咙上就可以缓解咳嗽。而黑巧克力也可以让可可碱覆盖在喉咙上，发挥同样的作用。可可碱是可可中含有的活性成分，有抑制咳嗽的功效。

　　Rinse your nose to combat colds

　　清洗鼻子对抗感冒

　　You might be able to protect against cold bugs by using a saline nasal spray to moisten the lining of your nose. Nasal irrigation led to a significant reduction in coughs and colds among children.

　　你可以在鼻腔粘膜上喷盐溶液鼻喷雾来消灭感冒病毒。滋润鼻腔可以明显减少儿童咳嗽和患感冒的几率。

　　Change seats on the bus

　　坐公交车时换座位

　　If someone close to you is coughing or sneezing, turn your head away for ten seconds while the air clears, and - if you're on a bus or train - change seats if you can.

　　如果你附近的人在咳嗽或者打喷嚏，把头转开10秒钟等那里的空气散去。如果你是在公交车或者火车上，条件允许的话就换个座位。

　　Stomp around to avoid falls

　　步子踩结实，防止摔跤

　　Ice and snow can be treacherous. For the elderly, a serious fracture could be fatal. Experts recommend wearing firm shoes with good grip and walking in a way that maximises the foot's gripping surface area - strike the ground with heels first, but try to stomp your whole foot down, rather than rocking from heel to toe.

　　冰天雪地会让人很难受。对老年人来说，严重的骨折有可能是致命的。建议穿防滑效果好的鞋子，走路时走在表面摩擦大的地方，先用鞋跟着地，然后整只脚踩上去，而不要只用脚跟和脚尖走路。

　　Wash your pillow case every week

　　枕头套要每周都洗

　　Change your pillow case once a week to prevent germs festering - and daily if the person you share a bed with is under the weather. Use a 60c hot wash.

　　每周换一次枕头套以防止细菌滋生。如果和你一起睡的人身体不舒服，那就要每天换一次。用60度的热水洗。

　　Go to bed a little earlier

　　提早一点上床睡觉

　　It is well known that lack of sleep affects immunity; in fact, if you sleep for less than seven hours a night, you could be three times more likely to catch a cold than someone who gets eight hours.

　　众所周知，睡眠不足会导致免疫力下降。如果你每晚的睡眠时间少于7个小时，你得感冒的几率就会比睡8个小时的人高三倍。

　　Change your toothpaste

　　换牙膏

　　Teeth can be especially sensitive in winter months as icy air stimulates the nerves exposed by damaged enamel or receding gums. Doctors suggest different brands contain slightly different ingredient combinations which your body can get used to after a while - so it's a good idea to switch toothpaste brands once a year if you're prone to sensitivity.

　　牙齿在冬天会变的特别敏感，因为牙釉质和退缩龈受损后，冰冷的空气会刺激暴露出来的神经。医生建议使用不同牌子的牙膏，成分稍有不同即可，这样身体不久后就能适应。如果你的牙齿比较敏感，每年换一次牙膏品牌是个好主意。

　　Check your rash with an ice cube

　　用冰块检查皮疹

　　Cold weather can trigger an outbreak of hives in some people. To find out if this is what's causing your rash, you can self-diagnose the condition by holding an ice cube to the skin for a few minutes (use one that's just staring to melt). The rash will appear in a square shape to mirror the ice cube. If it is cold-induced urticaria, taking an over-the-counter antihistamine before going outdoors into the cold may help.

　　寒冷的天气会让某些人长很多皮疹。想知道你的皮疹是不是天气寒冷引发的，你可以自我诊断一下，在皮肤上放一块刚开始融化的冰块，保持几分钟。如果是的话，透过冰块看到的皮疹会是正方形的。出门前使用非处方抗组胺剂可以改善症状。

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